Where to go: Diving and Snorkelling Holidays
Where a diving and snorkelling trip goes: the countries, parks, islands and coasts, and what each one is for.
Diving and Snorkelling destinations
In Southern Africa, Mozambique's Bazaruto Archipelago is the standout, with sandbars, dugong and reef a short boat ride from the lodges, and Mauritius adds lagoon snorkelling straight off the beach.
In East Africa, Zanzibar's north and east coasts have reefs a few minutes offshore and dhows to reach them, and the Seychelles' granite islands offer clear, calm water and easy snorkelling from the sand. Both pair with a Serengeti or Masai Mara safari on a single flight.
South Africa: Kruger National Park, Cape Town, Johannesburg, Kruger Private Concessions and 7 more
Cities, vineyards, mountains, and some of the continent's best-known wildlife reserves, all easy to join into one trip.
South Africa can be a city, a wine valley, a malaria-free reserve, and a beach in one trip. The roads and the flights make that practical.
Kruger and the private reserves beside it are the wildlife. Cape Town is the start or the finish. You do not have to choose.
South Africa destination guide
Kruger National Park
A vast lowveld park along the Mozambique border, with year-round wildlife viewing and an easy mix of public and private camps.
Cape Town
A harbour city between Table Mountain and the Atlantic, useful as a start or finish to a longer safari.
Johannesburg
South Africa's largest city, and the usual flight hub for Kruger and the northern reserves.
Kruger Private Concessions
Private land inside the greater Kruger, where drives can leave the public roads.
Kruger Private Reserves
Reserves on Kruger's western boundary that share the same wildlife, with fewer vehicles.
Panorama Route
Blyde River Canyon and the escarpment viewpoints above the lowveld, on the way toward Kruger.
Sabi Sands
A private reserve open to Kruger, widely visited for leopard viewing and small camps.
Cape Town Coast
Beaches and cliff walks along the Cape Peninsula, from the Atlantic side around toward False Bay.
KwaZulu-Natal
The province from the Drakensberg to the Indian Ocean, with Durban as its main city.
Madikwe
A malaria-free reserve on the Botswana border, reached from Johannesburg rather than the lowveld.
Timbavati
A private reserve north of Sabi Sands, sharing Kruger's animals with a quieter road network.
Mozambique: Bazaruto Archipelago, Gorongosa National Park
A long Indian Ocean coast of islands and reefs, easy to pair with a Kruger or South Africa safari.
Mozambique is 2,500 kilometres of Indian Ocean coast, plus a handful of real wildlife parks inland.
The usual trip is a beach in the Bazaruto islands, sometimes after Kruger, which sits just across the South African border. Gorongosa is the park if you want elephants without leaving the country.
Mozambique destination guide
Bazaruto Archipelago
A marine park of sand islands off Vilanculos, visited for dhows, dunes, and reef snorkelling.
Gorongosa National Park
A restored floodplain park at the foot of Mount Gorongosa, inland from Beira.
Seychelles: Private Islands, Praslin, La Digue
Granite islands in the Indian Ocean, usually Mahé, Praslin, and La Digue on one ticket.
The Seychelles are granite islands in the Indian Ocean: pale sand, huge boulders, and water that stays warm all year.
Most trips hop between Mahé, Praslin, and La Digue. It is a natural finish after a Kenya, Tanzania, or gorilla safari, and it is also a complete beach holiday on its own.
Seychelles destination guide
Private Islands
Exclusive island stays, usually added to a Seychelles or Mozambique beach week.
Praslin
A quieter island north of Mahé, known for Anse Lazio and the Vallée de Mai palm forest.
La Digue
A small island of bicycles and granite boulders, a short ferry from Praslin.
Tanzania: Serengeti, Zanzibar, Arusha, Ngorongoro Crater and 4 more
The Serengeti, Ngorongoro, and a long Indian Ocean coast, with Zanzibar as the classic beach finish.
Tanzania holds the Serengeti, the Ngorongoro Crater, and a beach on Zanzibar. The northern circuit is the famous one. The south - Ruaha and Nyerere - is the quieter one.
The wildebeest migration is in Tanzania for most of the year. River crossings in the north are a mid-year event. Calving in the south is around February. Neither is guaranteed on a given morning.
Tanzania destination guide
Serengeti
Tanzania's great plains park, continuous with the Masai Mara, and the path of the wildebeest migration.
Zanzibar
The Spice Island off Dar es Salaam, with Stone Town, reefs, and a string of north and east coast beaches.
Arusha
The northern safari hub, sitting between Kilimanjaro and the road to the crater highlands.
Ngorongoro Crater
A collapsed volcano whose floor holds a full spread of wildlife in a single day's drive.
Nyerere
The current name of the great southern reserve long called the Selous, with boat safaris on the Rufiji.
Ruaha
A large, quieter southern park of baobabs, sand rivers, and strong predator viewing.
Rubondo Island
A forested island national park in the Tanzanian waters of Lake Victoria.
Tarangire
A baobab-studded park south of Lake Manyara, especially busy with elephants in the dry months.
Kenya: Masai Mara, Nairobi, Samburu
Savannah reserves, highland lakes, and a palm coast, usually linked by short flights from Nairobi.
Kenya is the original safari map: the Masai Mara, Laikipia and Samburu to the north, and a coast when you want to stop driving.
The migration river crossings, when they happen, are in the Mara from roughly July into October. The rest of the year the reserve is still one of Africa's great big-cat parks.
Kenya destination guide
Masai Mara
Kenya's best-known reserve, continuous with the Serengeti, and the stage for the Mara River crossings.
Nairobi
Kenya's capital and the usual first night, with a national park on the edge of the city.
Samburu
A dry northern reserve on the Ewaso Ng'iro, home to species rarely seen further south.
Mauritius: North coast, West coast, East coast, South and inland
A volcanic island east of Madagascar, with a reef lagoon and hotels along the coast.
Mauritius is a lagoon island off the east of Madagascar: beaches, reefs, and short drives, usually taken as a rest after a safari rather than instead of one.
The island is small enough to see Chamarel, a tea field, and a second beach in one hired car, without changing hotel.
Mauritius destination guideNorth coast
Grand Baie and Trou aux Biches. The busiest corner, useful if you want restaurants. Flat Island and the northern islets are boat trips, not places to stay.
West coast
Flic en Flac, Tamarin, and Le Morne. The usual choice for sunsets, kites at certain spots, and diving. Le Morne is the mountain you see in the photographs.
East coast
Belle Mare and the longer resort beaches. Beautiful in the calm months, breezier in mid-winter.
South and inland
Gris Gris and the wild south shore, plus Chamarel and Black River. Better as a day out than as your only base if swimming is the plan.
Zimbabwe: Victoria Falls
Victoria Falls, Hwange's elephants, and the canoe country of Mana Pools.
Zimbabwe is Victoria Falls, Hwange's elephants, and Mana Pools on the Zambezi. The falls town is also the easiest place in the region for a scenic flight or a day on the river.
Dry-season wildlife is excellent, and the country links cleanly to Chobe and to the Zambian side of the falls.
Zimbabwe destination guide
Victoria Falls
The waterfall on the Zambezi between Zimbabwe and Zambia, with the town of Victoria Falls on one bank and Livingstone on the other.
Botswana: Okavango Delta, Chobe National Park, Chobe River
Water and desert in one country: the Okavango, Chobe, and the Kalahari, usually flown camp to camp.
Botswana is water and desert in one country: the Okavango's channels, Chobe's elephant herds, and the open Kalahari.
Most safaris here are fly-in. Camps stay small, and the north is set up for boats and mokoros as well as game drives. Cape Town, the Namib, and Victoria Falls are straightforward to add before or after.
Botswana destination guide
Okavango Delta
An inland delta of channels and islands, explored by mokoro, boat, and game drive.
Chobe National Park
A northern park famous for elephants along the Chobe River and for the drier Savuti interior.
Chobe River
The riverfront of Chobe, where boat cruises run beside large elephant herds.
Madagascar: Antananarivo, Andasibe-Mantadia, Ranomafana, Anja Community Reserve and 4 more
A large island of lemurs, baobabs, and rainforest, with wildlife you will not see on the mainland.
Madagascar is not a classic safari. The wildlife is its own list: lemurs, chameleons, fossas, and baobabs, with rainforests on one side of the island and dry spiny forest on the other.
Trips need more internal travel than people expect. The reward is a place that does not feel like Kenya or the Cape.
Madagascar destination guideAntananarivo
The highland capital, called Tana even by people who live there. Almost every international flight lands here. One night at each end is the useful plan. The city itself is hills, markets, and a palace view, not the wildlife.
Andasibe-Mantadia
The practical lemur park, a few hours east of Tana. Dawn is the indri, the largest living lemur, calling across the forest. Night walks turn up mouse lemurs, frogs, and chameleons.
Ranomafana
Rainforest in the south-east highlands, and the stronghold of the golden bamboo lemur. Trails are wet and steep. Two nights, with a local guide, which the park requires.
Anja Community Reserve
A small, community-run reserve near Ambalavao. Ring-tailed lemurs at close range, and a walk that supports the village rather than a national-park gate only.
Isalo
Sandstone canyons, natural pools, and a landscape that looks nothing like the rainforest. A walking park in the south, best in the dry months.
Tsingy de Bemaraha and the baobabs
The western limestone pinnacles, crossed on boardwalks and ladders, plus the avenue of baobabs near Morondava at first and last light. These two need their own flights. Do not tack them onto a three-day Tana trip.
Nosy Be and the northern islands
The beach. Nosy Be is the hub. Smaller islets around it are the quieter nights. Snorkelling and dhows. Amber Mountain, above Diego Suarez (Antsiranana), is the volcanic rainforest with easy trails if the north is already the plan.
Île Sainte-Marie
The east-coast island for humpback whales, roughly July to September, plus a slower beach than Nosy Be.
Malawi: Lake Malawi
A narrow country wrapped around a great lake, mixing small reserves with beach time on the water.
Malawi is a small country with a huge lake, a warm welcome, and wildlife parks that have been deliberately brought back to life.
People call it the warm heart of Africa for the pace and the welcome, not for a slogan. The lake is the reason most trips exist. The parks are the reason to leave the beach for a few nights. Neighbours such as Zambia, Tanzania, and Mozambique see more visitors. Malawi is the quieter version of the same region, and it combines cleanly with any of them.
Malawi destination guide
Lake Malawi
The lake that fills most of Malawi, with clear water, cichlid fish, and low-key beach lodges.
Rwanda: Kigali
A compact highland country, visited above all for gorilla trekking in Volcanoes National Park.
Rwanda is the compact gorilla trip. Kigali to Volcanoes National Park is a few hours, and the country is small enough to add chimps or a savannah park without a second week of travel.
The permit is the heart of the cost and the reason most people come. The rest - Lake Kivu, Nyungwe, Akagera - is what makes it more than a single trek.
Rwanda destination guide
Kigali
Rwanda's capital, and the night before or after a gorilla trek.
Zambia: South Luangwa
Walking safaris in South Luangwa, river camps in the Lower Zambezi, and the Zambian side of Victoria Falls.
Zambia is where walking safaris became the point of the trip. South Luangwa, the Lower Zambezi, and Victoria Falls are the three reasons most people come.
Parks sit far apart, so the trip is usually a flight between them rather than a long drive.
Zambia destination guide
South Luangwa
A wildlife-rich valley park where walking safaris were pioneered, along the Luangwa River.
More places that suit a diving and snorkelling trip
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